Diabetes mellitus, obesity, and osteoporosis are manifestations of a broader syndrome entity termed the metabolic syndrome. Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic disease of the bone and reflects a defective balance in the process of bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is a metabolically demanding event posing significant requirements on glucose uptake and requires a wholly functional energy metabolism. As such, osteoporosis in the scope of metabolic syndrome can be viewed as a byproduct of defective energy metabolism. Bone-derived hormones were shown to control appetite and feeding, modulate glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, leptin levels and regulate beige adipogenesis and energy expenditure. This projects proposes a central role for the skeleton in regulating energy homeostasis. The goals of this project will be achieved by studying intermediary metabolism and bioenergetics of the osteocyte network. Additionally, bone-secreted factors will be profiled at multiple -omic levels and related to disease progression in a diet-induced obesity model. ―140―Aseel Marahleh (Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division/ Advanced Basic Science) 素粒子原子核理論を用いた宇宙論の研究 Development of a temporal osteokine profile following diet-induced obesity progression 本年度は、超弦理論から示唆される新粒子の初期宇宙のダイナミクスに関する研究[1]、宇宙のバリオン数の生成機構に関する研究[2,3,9]、ダークマターに関する研究[4]、重力波に関する研究[5,6]、粒子の熱化の研究[7,8]を行った。特に、高エネルギーの粒子が熱化していく様子を詳細に数値シミュレーションすることによって、宇宙がインフレーション後にどのように熱平衡状態に移行したのかを明らかにした[7]。 参考文献 [1] H. Kitamoto, M. Yamada, JHEP 06 (2022) 103. [2] K. Mukaida, K. Schmitz, M. Yamada, Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 1, 011803. [3] K. Fujikura, Y. Nakai, R. Sato, M. Yamada, JHEP 04 (2022) 105. [4] T. Sato, F. Takahashi, M. Yamada, JCAP 08 (2022) 08, 022. [5] M. Yamada, K. Yonekura, Phys.Lett.B 838 (2023) 137724. [6] M. Yamada, K. Yonekura, Phys.Rev.D 106 (2022) 12, 123515. [7] K. Mukaida, M. Yamada, JHEP 10 (2022) 116. [8] M. He, K. Kohri, K. Mukaida, M. Yamada JCAP 01 (2023) 027. [9] V. Domcke, K. Kamada, K. Mukaida, K. Schmitz, M. Yamada JHEP 01 (2023) 053. 山田將樹（新領域創成研究部／先端基礎科学）
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